Challenges in Processing Bulgarian Compound Verb Forms
The complexities in handling complex tense, mood, and voice forms arise from their incorporation of both morphological and syntactic features. Morphological aspects involve the grammatical meaning carried by the entire unit, comprising auxiliaries and a full-content verb. Syntactic aspects relate to the multi-word structure of the grammatical unit Bulgarian Compound Verb Forms, allowing for permutation of word order and the insertion of various “external” syntactic elements within the complex verb form.
Verbs and Small Words Relationship
In Bulgarian, short pronominal elements and particles (referred to as small words for simplicity) surrounding verbs pose specific challenges in encoding linguistic information in the lexicon, sentence segmentation during shallow parsing, and phrase structure descriptions in deeper linguistic analysis. In the segmentation model presented here, accompanying small words are considered part of the verb form patterns. These small words include the negative particle “не” (not), the interrogative particle “ли” (whether), the preverbal element “да” (to), the accusative reflexive pronominal element “се” (self), the dative reflexive pronominal element “си” (oneself), and short accusative and dative personal pronouns.
The inclusion of small words in compound verb forms is supported by the fact that, both paradigmatically and syntagmatically, negative and interrogative particles, preverbal elements, and reflexive pronominals form meaningful clusters with the verb. The same applies to combinations of impersonal verbs with accusative or dative pronominals, creating morphological entities with the verb.
In Bulgarian Customized Tours Bulgaria, object doubling is common, where the direct or indirect object is expressed twice: once by a short pronominal and once by a full-fledged nominal phrase. This phrase can be a full form of a pronoun or a noun phrase. The paper suggests that short pronominals and full-fledged complements are attached at different levels: short pronominals at the lexical level and full-fledged complements at the syntactic level. This approach simplifies the analysis and aligns with similar observations in the segmentation of the Bulgarian verb complex and the clitic attachment in Italian and French.
